Aquaculture is central to Singapore’s food security, yet disease outbreaks remain a major constraint. My research focuses on harnessing genomics and molecular tools to tackle disease challenges in sustainable aquaculture in Singapore, with particular emphasis on Barramundi (Lates calcarifer), Asian Seabass. By integrating pathogen environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring with quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR, we aim to establish sensitive early-warning surveil-lance systems for pathogen detection. These approaches reduce outbreak risks, strengthen farm resilience, and support sustainable production. This lecture will highlight how molecular diagnostics and genomics can advance fish health management while contributing to Singapore’s long-term food security strategy.